Varanasi, also known as Banaras or Kashi, is one of the oldest cities in the world and a major spiritual center in India.
Renowned for its ghats, temples, and rich cultural heritage, Varanasi offers a unique blend of spirituality and history.
This article explores the top 28 things to do in Varanasi to ensure a memorable and enriching experience.
Spiritual and Cultural Experiences in Varanasi
1. Witness the Ganga Aarti at Dashashwamedh Ghat
One of the most captivating things to do in Varanasi is witnessing the Ganga Aarti at Dashashwamedh Ghat.
This evening ritual is performed by priests, who offer prayers to the River Ganges with lamps, incense, and chants.
The ceremony, which starts at sunset, is a mesmerizing experience that attracts both locals and tourists.
Arrive early to secure a good spot, or take a boat ride to watch the aarti from the river.
The spiritual ambiance and the sight of hundreds of floating diyas on the river make this an unforgettable experience.
2. Visit Kashi Vishwanath Temple
Visiting the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is one of the essential things to do in Varanasi.
This temple, one of the most revered in India, holds immense historical and spiritual significance.
The main deity, Vishwanath (Lord of the Universe), is believed to grant liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
The temple complex is a labyrinth of smaller shrines, and it’s best to visit early in the morning to avoid the crowds.
Note that security is tight, and non-Hindus are not allowed in the main sanctum.
Be sure to respect the temple’s customs and dress modestly.
3. Explore Sarnath
Exploring Sarnath, where Buddha gave his first sermon, is another must-do activity in Varanasi.
This historical site is located about 10 km from the city center and is a major pilgrimage site for Buddhists.
Key attractions include the Dhamek Stupa, the ruins of ancient monasteries, and the Sarnath Museum, which houses a collection of Buddhist artifacts.
The Ashoka Pillar, with its famous lion capital, is also a significant highlight.
Visiting Sarnath provides a serene contrast to the bustling city and offers deep insights into Buddhism’s history and teachings.
4. Take a Boat Ride on the Ganges River
Taking a boat ride on the Ganges River is one of the quintessential things to do in Varanasi.
The best times for a boat ride are at dawn and dusk. In the morning, you can witness the city waking up, with pilgrims performing rituals on the ghats.
The evening ride offers a chance to see the Ganga Aarti from a unique perspective.
Boat rides provide stunning views of the ghats, temples, and the cityscape.
They also allow you to experience the spiritual ambiance of Varanasi in a tranquil setting.
5. Visit Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple
The Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple, dedicated to Lord Hanuman, is known for its peaceful environment and spiritual significance.
Located near the Assi Ghat, this temple attracts numerous devotees daily.
The temple’s serene ambiance and the scent of marigold flowers add to the spiritual experience.
Participating in the evening aarti is highly recommended.
Visiting this temple is one of the calming things to do in Varanasi for those seeking solace and blessings.
6. Explore the Ghats of Varanasi
Exploring the ghats is one of the most iconic things to do in Varanasi.
The city has over 80 ghats, each with its own historical and cultural significance.
Assi Ghat is a popular spot for morning yoga and meditation, while Manikarnika Ghat is the main cremation site, symbolizing the cycle of life and death.
Harishchandra Ghat is another cremation ghat with a rich history.
These ghats offer a glimpse into the spiritual life of Varanasi.
Strolling along the ghats, you can observe rituals, sadhus meditating, and locals going about their daily activities.
7. Attend a Classical Music Performance
Varanasi has a rich tradition of classical music and dance.
Attending a classical music performance, featuring renowned artists, is one of the culturally enriching things to do in Varanasi.
The city hosts various music festivals and concerts, especially during the winter months.
Venues like the Ganga Mahotsav and Sankat Mochan Music Festival are ideal for experiencing the city’s musical heritage.
Check local listings for events during your visit.
8. Visit Bharat Mata Temple
The Bharat Mata Temple, dedicated to Mother India, is unique among Varanasi’s temples.
Instead of deities, it features a large relief map of India carved out of marble.
This temple was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi in 1936 and is a symbol of patriotism and unity.
Visiting this temple offers a different perspective on devotion and is one of the unique things to do in Varanasi.
9. Experience the Man Mandir Observatory
The Man Mandir Observatory, built by Maharaja Man Singh in 1737, is a historical site of astronomical importance.
The observatory houses several ancient instruments used for celestial observations. Its location on the banks of the Ganges offers stunning views of the river and the ghats.
Exploring the observatory and understanding its significance in astronomy is one of the intriguing things to do in Varanasi for science enthusiasts and history buffs.
10. Explore Banaras Hindu University (BHU)
Banaras Hindu University (BHU) is one of the largest residential universities in Asia and a prominent educational institution.
The sprawling campus is home to the Bharat Kala Bhavan Museum, which showcases an impressive collection of Indian art and artifacts.
The university’s peaceful environment, coupled with its rich academic and cultural heritage, makes it a great place to explore.
Visiting BHU is one of the enriching things to do in Varanasi for those interested in education and culture.
Unique Attractions and Activities in Varanasi
11. Visit the Alamgir Mosque
The Alamgir Mosque, also known as Beni Madhav ka Darera, is a historical mosque built by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
This mosque stands on the site of a demolished Hindu temple, blending Islamic and Hindu architectural styles.
Its location on the banks of the Ganges offers panoramic views of the river and the ghats.
Visiting the Alamgir Mosque is one of the unique things to do in Varanasi, reflecting the city’s diverse cultural heritage.
12. Discover Ramnagar Fort
Ramnagar Fort, located across the Ganges River, is a historical fort and palace built in the 18th century by the King of Kashi.
The fort is known for its distinctive Mughal-style architecture and houses a museum showcasing vintage cars, royal costumes, and medieval weapons.
The fort’s location provides stunning views of the river, especially at sunset.
Exploring Ramnagar Fort is one of the fascinating things to do in Varanasi, offering insights into the region’s royal history and lifestyle.
13. Explore Tulsi Manas Temple
The Tulsi Manas Temple is dedicated to Lord Rama and is the site where the poet Tulsidas wrote the epic Ramcharitmanas.
The temple’s walls are adorned with verses from the Ramayana, inscribed in Hindi.
Its serene environment and historical significance make it a must-visit.
Exploring the Tulsi Manas Temple is one of the spiritually enriching things to do in Varanasi.
14. Visit Durga Temple
The Durga Temple, also known as the Monkey Temple due to the presence of many monkeys, is dedicated to Goddess Durga.
Built in the 18th century, the temple is known for its red hue and intricate carvings.
The temple’s peaceful ambiance and its significance in Hindu mythology make it a popular site.
Visiting the Durga Temple is one of the noteworthy things to do in Varanasi.
15. Take a Walking Tour of the Old City
Taking a walking tour of the old city is one of the best ways to experience the essence of Varanasi.
The narrow lanes, bustling markets, and ancient buildings offer a glimpse into the city’s vibrant culture.
Guided tours often include visits to hidden temples, local markets, and historical sites.
Walking through the old city, you’ll encounter artisans, shopkeepers, and locals going about their daily lives.
The chaos, colors, and sounds make this an immersive experience.
A walking tour is definitely one of the must-do things to do in Varanasi to truly understand its unique charm.
16. Shop at Varanasi Silk Market
Varanasi is renowned for its Banarasi silk sarees, known for their intricate designs and fine quality.
Shopping at the Varanasi Silk Market is one of the top things to do in Varanasi for those looking to buy authentic silk products.
The market offers a wide range of sarees, fabrics, and other silk items.
It’s advisable to visit reputed shops to ensure the quality and authenticity of the products.
17. Visit Nepali Temple
The Nepali Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is known for its unique wooden architecture and intricate carvings.
Built by the King of Nepal, this temple reflects traditional Nepali style and stands out among the other temples in Varanasi.
Its serene location on the banks of the Ganges makes it a peaceful spot for visitors.
Exploring the Nepali Temple is one of the distinctive things to do in Varanasi.
18. Experience a Yoga Session by the Ganges
Varanasi, with its spiritual ambiance, is an ideal place for practicing yoga and meditation.
Many ashrams and centers offer yoga sessions along the ghats, providing a serene environment for relaxation and mindfulness.
Participating in a yoga session by the Ganges is one of the rejuvenating things to do in Varanasi, allowing visitors to connect with their inner selves.
19. Visit the Archaeological Museum in Sarnath
The Archaeological Museum in Sarnath houses important artifacts from the Buddhist era.
Key exhibits include the famous Ashoka Lion Capital and various sculptures depicting Buddha’s life.
The museum provides valuable insights into the history and development of Buddhism.
Visiting the Archaeological Museum is one of the enlightening things to do in Varanasi for history enthusiasts.
20. Explore Chunar Fort
Chunar Fort, with its rich historical past, stands as a testament to the region’s strategic importance over the centuries.
The fort has witnessed several historical events and houses various structures like palaces, barracks, and temples.
Exploring Chunar Fort is one of the intriguing things to do in Varanasi for those interested in history and architecture.
21. Visit Tulsi Ghat
Tulsi Ghat is associated with the poet Tulsidas, who spent much of his life here.
The ghat is known for its cultural and historical importance, especially related to the writing of the Ramcharitmanas.
The ghat’s serene environment makes it a peaceful spot for visitors.
Exploring Tulsi Ghat is one of the reflective things to do in Varanasi for literature and history enthusiasts.
22. Discover Kabir Math
Kabir Math is a memorial dedicated to the poet-saint Kabir.
The math serves as a center for the study and propagation of Kabir’s teachings.
Visitors can explore the library, museum, and attend discourses on Kabir’s philosophy.
Visiting Kabir Math is one of the enlightening things to do in Varanasi for those interested in spirituality and poetry.
23. Attend a Lecture at Jnana-Pravaha
Jnana-Pravaha is a center for cultural studies and research in Varanasi.
It offers lectures, workshops, and seminars on various aspects of Indian culture, philosophy, and history.
Attending a lecture at Jnana-Pravaha is one of the intellectually stimulating things to do in Varanasi for those seeking deeper knowledge of Indian heritage.
24. Explore the Jain Temples of Varanasi
Varanasi is home to several significant Jain temples, each with its own historical and spiritual importance.
These temples are known for their beautiful architecture and serene ambiance.
Visiting the Jain temples is one of the spiritually enriching things to do in Varanasi, offering a glimpse into the city’s religious diversity.
25. Visit the Bharthari Caves
The Bharthari Caves, located near Varanasi, are ancient caves with historical significance.
These caves are believed to have been the meditation site of the sage Bharthari.
Exploring the Bharthari Caves is one of the adventurous things to do in Varanasi, providing a glimpse into the ascetic practices of ancient times.
26. Experience a Local Festival
Experiencing a local festival is one of the vibrant things to do in Varanasi.
The city is known for its grand celebrations of festivals like Diwali, Holi, and Dev Deepawali.
During Diwali, the ghats and temples are illuminated with thousands of lamps, creating a magical atmosphere.
Holi, the festival of colors, is celebrated with great enthusiasm, with locals and visitors engaging in lively festivities.
Dev Deepawali, celebrated fifteen days after Diwali, marks the victory of Lord Shiva over the demon Tripurasura, with the ghats adorned with diyas.
Participating in these festivals offers a unique cultural experience and an opportunity to witness the local traditions and customs.
27. Try Varanasi Street Food
Varanasi is a haven for food lovers, offering a wide range of delectable street food.
Trying the local street food is one of the must-do things to do in Varanasi.
Popular delicacies include kachori sabzi, chaat, lassi, and the famous Banarasi paan.
Kachori sabzi, a spicy and flavorful dish, is best enjoyed at the local markets.
The city’s chaats, like tamatar chaat and aloo tikki chaat, are bursting with flavors.
Don’t miss the creamy lassi served in earthen pots and the iconic Banarasi paan, a betel leaf stuffed with various sweet and savory fillings.
Exploring the street food scene in Varanasi is a culinary adventure that should not be missed.
28. Visit the Gyanvapi Mosque
The Gyanvapi Mosque, located near the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, has a rich history.
Built by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, the mosque is an architectural blend of Hindu and Islamic styles.
The mosque’s name, meaning “Well of Knowledge,” signifies its historical importance.
Visiting the Gyanvapi Mosque is one of the significant things to do in Varanasi for those interested in the city’s diverse cultural and religious heritage.
FAQs
What is the best time to visit Varanasi?
The best time to visit Varanasi is during the cooler months from October to March, with special festivities during Dev Deepawali and Maha Shivaratri.
How can I reach Varanasi?
Varanasi is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The city has its own airport, Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport, located about 26 km from the city center.
Are there any accommodations available in Varanasi?
Yes, Varanasi offers a range of accommodations from budget hotels to luxury resorts and guesthouses.
What should I wear while visiting temples and ghats in Varanasi?
It is advisable to wear modest and respectful clothing, covering shoulders and knees. Comfortable footwear is recommended.
By exploring these 28 activities and attractions, you can immerse yourself in the rich cultural, spiritual, and historical tapestry of Varanasi.
This guide to the best things to do in Varanasi ensures that you experience the city’s essence and create lasting memories.